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Africa: Development of Standards and Guidance Notes for African Development Finance Institutions
The project was based on an initial request from Association of African Development Finance Institutions (AADFI) which had strong backing from the African Development Bank (AfDB). This project was generated because Africa still had more than 50 development finance institutions (DFIs) operating, many of them continuing to receive substantial infusions of funds from governments and viewed as important economic development tools. However many of them were largely troubled institutions, which were not being effectively supervised within their country of operation. Several of the large...
Lao PDR: Development of Microfinance
FIRST has funded three technical assistance projects (aggregate cost US$ 534,000) in cooperation with the Asian Development Bank (ADB) in Lao PDR (Lao). All three projects were related to improving access to finance for the poor, and were an excellent example of how projects can build on each other at the same time as mitigating the risk of failure by only moving to the next stage if satisfactory progress had already been achieved in the prior stage. The three projects were: To survey the needs of the poor and the financial institutions serving those needs – essentially various forms of...
Namibia: Creating a Legal & Regulatory Framework for Deposit-taking Microfinance Institutions
Limited access to finance is an important obstacle to economic growth and poverty reduction across Sub-Saharan Africa, where financing constraints are among the largest obstacles impeding firms’ growth. As described in the 2007 FSAP report, Namibia’s financial sector has historically been unable to serve the majority of the population effectively - namely the low income population and informal small businesses. Many low income individuals are excluded from formal banking relationships due to the very high costs of basic accounts as well as poorly adapted credit and savings services. Banking...
Indonesia: Expanding Access to Islamic Finance for SMEs
In general it has been found that Muslim societies across Asia show lower levels of access to finance. However, Islamic financial institutions, regulations, products and services have grown rapidly in recent years and have matured substantially; Islamic financial products and services provide a vehicle to expand access to finance. According to the IFC, in Indonesia SMEs account for 90% of the labor force and 60% of GDP; despite their contribution to the economy, it is estimated that about 80% of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are underfinanced. While they have limited access to...
Central America: Financial Crisis Simulation Program
The Central American region has withstood the impact of the global financial crisis, with the adjustment taking place in an orderly way up to today. Ongoing financial sector integration and consolidation, aimed to help the region in taking advantage of economies of scale and promoting competition and efficiency, requires harmonization of prudential norms and financial supervision between countries. And strengthening the capacity to conduct consolidated supervision of growing of cross-border banking activities helps the region capitalize on the opportunities that integration offers. Central to...
Morocco: Crisis Preparedness
One of FIRST’s first projects in the area of crisis preparedness took place in Morocco. Begun in December 2008 and completed in May 2009, the project assisted Morocco’s financial sector authorities—including Bank Al-Maghrib (Central Bank), the Deposit Insurer, the Securities Commission, and the Ministry of Economy and Finance—in developing a crisis protocol that enhances the government’s capacity to deal with financial distress or a potential systemic crisis. Situation in the country prior to the project: no framework for crisis coordination intra- or inter-authority; no identified financial...
Zambia: Developing and Strengthening Contingency Planning
Zambia underwent an FSAP in 2008. Stress tests performed by the FSAP team confirmed that although the country’s banking sector could withstand considerable shocks, it was prudent to put in place a strategy to prevent macroeconomic fallout from the global crisis. FIRST received a request from the Bank of Zambia (BoZ) to enhance its tools for managing financial distress and a potential systemic crisis, and approved the project worth $161,485 in August. It was the project’s objective that, at its conclusion and through the ongoing efforts of the client, the BoZ should have a sound framework for...
Colombia: Improving Crisis Preparedness by Mending Inadequacies in the Legal Framework
The main objective of the project was to identify in detail specific solutions to institutional weaknesses that could undermine the ability of the authorities to respond effectively to financial distress and systemic crises. As in many such crisis preparedness projects, the most serious and difficult weaknesses identified are inadequacies in the legal framework. Primarily, these related to insufficient powers of relevant authorities, and insufficient enabling regulations or sub-statutory legal framework to employ all available legal authority. This project was an immediate follow up to a...
Nepal: Strengthening Financial Crisis Contingency Plans
The Project’s objective was to strengthen the policy response of the Nepal authorities to instances of serious financial distress, thereby mitigating the negative impact of financial crisis situations on the real economy. As a result of the project, the legal powers, policies, procedures for dealing with and resolving financial crises have been reviewed and gaps were identified, including an assessment of the adequacy of financial sector safety net arrangements and resources for dealing with a crisis and an assessment of internal procedures of the Crisis Management Fund (CMF) that was set up...
Bosnia and Herzegovina: Advice on Integrating Stock Exchanges
How does one go about supporting the integration efforts of a country that has four different levels of government and two separate government entities that have been severely divided along political and ethnic lines? A viable answer is to let economic unification soften the degrees of separation and lead the way to other forms of integration. This FIRST Lesson presents what Financial Sector Reform and Strengthening (FIRST) has learned about the essentials of designing and maintaining an integrated local stock market index, with the World Bank acting as a catalyst in helping to unify the...

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